Guest speaker: BJ Koubaroulis

31 03 2011

BJ Koubaroulis, George Mason University graduate in ’04, began writing high school level sports, getting the most access and “real people” who enjoy doing what they’re doing.

He had an early recommendation for us young journalism students:

Work at a small place early to get learning experience and make mistakes.

By doing so, you’ll gain experience and be able to get published without having extreme pressure and demand of needing to be perfect.

He eventually focused his energy into adding another element into his repertoire in order to be able to compete better. He added a video element to his game which helped him stand out amongst his other journalists at the Washington Post. It gave him more power as a writer having another aspect to add to it.

As important as it is to have unique abilities in one particular area, BJ made an important point to talk about the necessity of being able to do everything — writing, radio, television, video, internet.

By being able to do everything, you’ll be able to do your one “specialty’ even better than you thought. If you’re unwilling to change, you will get left behind.

He showed us a virtual tour that he created about Mason’s campus. It was incredibly cool to see.

The four necessities to become a real backpack journalist:

  • Camera
  • Computer
  • Microphone
  • Work hard

The major takeaways from BJ’s speech:

  • Do as much as you can
  • Don’t be satisfied with the ability to do one thing
  • You need to be able to do everything



Guest speaker: Mark Potts

29 03 2011

Mark Potts, creator of Washingtonpost.com, showed us how journalism works without using the typical inverted pyramid, who/what/when/where/why style.

He showed us how good Wikipedia can be, despite its reputation.

He also showed us how Facebook was used as a storytelling device as well as Storify.

How to get the audience involved:

  • Crowdsourcing (at both local and hyperlocal levels)
  • Comments
  • Facebook

When creating a blog, know what you do and do it best.

People who blog do it to be an authority in their community and to be respected for their passionate dedication rather than for money. These same people want their audience to become passionate and care.

The blogs tell people what is going on in that specific community that is not being covered by anyone else.

  • Computational journalism: Using the computer to tell stories
  • API: Giving people ability to create data tables

As a Twitter user, Potts surprisingly felt that it was not a useful tool except for publicity. When he posts a new blog on his site, he will post that URL on his Twitter and gets many hits from that.

The most important technological tool for journalists in the last five years?

The cell phone.

With social media, the super fast speed can be both an advantage and a disadvantage because some people are struggling to keep up with the need to publish as soon as possible and multiple times throughout the day instead of having one deadline.

It also exposes laziness because journalists may not have the pride in their work to get it right the firs time instead of doing it lazily and waiting for their editor to fix the mistakes.

Newspapers are struggling to realize that there are websites with better writing to give the same information that they give the day after.

Living in a “river of news,” it is important for each person to individually be able to filter their own news.




Guest speaker: Steve Buttry

22 03 2011

Steve Buttry, Director of Community Engagement at TBD, spoke to our Comm 371 class about the abilities and effects of video storytelling and how important of a tool it is to help show and explain events.

As a writer, you have control of the story. The user can browse to the page they want to read, skim over certain information, etc.

But with video storytelling, there is shared control of the story with the user. There are pictures, videos, graphics, interviews, etc.to keep the reader engaged and able to find out as much of the story as possible — things that wouldn’t be able to be seen or found in a print article.

Nothing is as impactful as being able to scroll your mouse over an image or play a video that gives more meaning and more detail about what is being reported. It doesn’t matter how many pictures you have in a print newspaper to compensate.

Think of how the story will affect somebody and what needs to be gathered to tell the story beyond the facts. The images, the context, the maps are all extremely important tools to interest the viewer.

Developing storytelling skills will:

  • Create a comfort level with working with all the tools necessary to create a story through video
  • Allow you to do videos in less time and it will become less of an issue as time goes on
  • Help learn a lot and be able to apply certain aspects to the next story you do

The ever-changing world social media is a new concept but it can even help you become a better writer.

Always be curious. If you don’t know the answer to something, ask somebody. Push through any fear or resistance to get what you want.

A very interesting idea that Steve mentioned was to copy and paste your lead into Twitter — if it doesn’t fit, it’s probably too long!




JournalismNext (8): Telling Stories with Video

21 03 2011

The digital video revolution

  • A versatile form of journalism
  1. Two journalists, one goal
  2. Perfection not necessary

Plan your video and go

  • Use different approaches for different projects
  • Try storyboarding
  • Mix your shots
  • Build five-shot sequences
  1. Close-up on the hands
  2. Close-up on the face
  3. Wide shot
  4. Over-the-shoulder shot
  5. Creative shot

Voice in video:

  • Learn effective video interviewing
  • Use a stand-up, even if you don’t want to
  1. Content
  2. Write a script and warm up
  3. Be stable, breathe easy
  4. Don’t be afraid to talk with your hands
  5. Control your story with voice-overs

Gear up and get out there:

  • Array of camera choices
  • Video camera shopping questions
  1. What media type?
  2. Do I need high def?
  3. What software will I be using to edit this footage?
  4. What accessories do I need? (Tapes and batteries, microphones, tripod, headphones, lighting)

Shooting good video:

  • Focus
  • Zoom
  • Exposure

Aim for solid, not spectacular clips

  • Be selective in shooting
  • Avoid panning and zooming
  • Hold your shots
  • Be silent when you shoot
  • Framing and composing

Get good audio:

  • Built-in mic
  • Wireless mic
  • Shotgun mic

Working with digital  video files:

  • Keep it short
  • Choose your editing software
  • Practice visual storytelling

Publishing video online:

  • Do your own compression
  • Seek viral video distribution



JournalismNext (7): Making Audio Journalism Visible

21 03 2011

Audio journalism — a microphone, recorder and free software (plus a computer and internet, of course) are the only tools needed to create an audio form of journalism.

Why is audio journalism important?

It has characteristics that cannot be matched by other forms of media such as:

  • Presence
  • Emotions
  • Atmosphere

How do news organizations use audio?

  • Reporter overview
  • Podcasts
  • Audio slideshows
  • Breaking news

The basics of audio journalism:

  • Interviews and voice-overs
  • Natural or environmental sound
  • Imported sound clips, including music

Get started with audio:

  • Recording interviews
  1. Choose your location
  2. Gather natural sound
  3. Prepare your subject
  4. Watch what you say
  5. Try delayed recording
  6. Mark the best spots
  • Doing voice-overs
  1. Write a script
  2. Warm up
  3. Find operative words
  4. Keep it conversational

You can use a digital recorder, your computer or an external microphone to help.

Editing digital audio:

  • Understand digital formats
  • Get ready to edit
  • Editing with audacity
  • Try advanced editing techniques (fade, cross-fading, established music, segue, transition)



Guest speaker: Jim Iovino

10 03 2011

With the world turning to the internet, NBC Washington takes their television content and puts it on their website.

The sooner you get stories out on Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, etc. the more people will acknowledge you as a consistently good reporter. Thus, you will receive more traffic and gain attention. You want to be the first to say that you broke the story and knew about it before anyone else.

Important thought:

The good, basic journalistic reporting is the start to anything. You need to ask the best questions to get the best answers for a unique story.

Connecting with the audience is good to build a relationship with viewers and interact to gain attention. Pat Collins does a great job of this, taking 20 minutes out of every day to answer questions from his audience via the internet.

NBC Washington takes plenty of videos from people in the area to collaborate with them and share information. With videos, people love raw footage rather than someone anchoring the video segment.




Lazy bastards

10 03 2011

I have one word to summarize this article:

Perfect.

It’s short. It’s catchy. It keeps you reading more.

Wait. Does that make me a lazy bastard, too? Probably.

But it’s true and everyone else is one.

We love short sentences, like the ones I used to start this entry, with bold-face words that attract our eyes.

  • We love bulleted lists, too
  • We love subheads

Why? It’s just easier!

We are informavores, meaning we hunt for interesting informations and facts. When a site does not seem to have what we want, we quickly move on to one that does.

Long texts are a no-no for writers, so it’s best to keep it simple.

When reading online, it’s important to:

  • Read default fonts designed for screen reading, such as Verdana, Trebuchet and Georgia.
  • Rest your eyes for 10 minutes every 30 minutes
  • Do not keep screen too close to your face

Pleasure (Ludic) reading:

  • When we like a text, we read more slowly to understand it
  • When we’re engaged in a text, it’s similar to being in an effortless trance



Mobile content is twice as difficult

10 03 2011

Jakob Nielsen brings about quite an interesting topic with the world turning to their mobile phones for nearly everything nowadays. Although this change is happening, people won’t be able to comprehend as much on their phone screens as they would on a computer.

The reasons are simple:

  • Slower downloads
  • No mouse for an easy selection
  • Small screens, especially when compared to a computer screen
  • Application UI’s lack consistency

It’s much harder to understand complicated information when you’re reading through a peephole.”

I love this quote. It’s so true!

After an analysis that Nielsen did of Facebook‘s privacy policy featuring text that only people with at least one year of university education would find easy to read, the results were obvious:

  • Desktop screen: 39.18% comprehension score
  • Mobile screen: 18.93% comprehension score

In order for a text to be considered easy to read, the score must be above 60%, so even the desktop screen comprehension was only 2/3 of the desired amount.

This brings up all-important questions:

What makes mobile reading harder?

Why is it approximately twice as hard to understand complicated content when reading on the smaller screen?

The smaller screen.

  1. Because users see less at any given time than they would on a computer screen.
  2. Because users must move around the page more, needing to scroll around different pages rather than seeing it all right in front of them on a normal computer screen.

That’s why mobile reading is more difficult.




JournalismNext (11): Building a digital audience for news

9 03 2011

Track all that you publish

Productivity is a key factor for managers when tracking a reporters’ ability to break news,  publish at a good rate, and gain an audience.

What to track:

  • Total news stories per day
  • News stories by topic or section
  • Total blog posts per day
  • Blog posts by specific blog
  • Slide shows per week
  • Video stories per week
  • Podcasts or other audio stories
  • News updates
  • Breaking news e-mail alerts
  • SMS or other mobile news alerts
  • E-mail newsletters that are not sent automatically
  • Twitter, Facebook or other social network posts
  • User-generated content

A web-based spreadsheet is the best way to track all of these.

Track your audience

  • Use web analytics software

Wed analytics: The software and mechanisms to track web site traffic

Identify key data points

  • Pageviews
  • Visits and unique visitors compared
  • Engagement and referrers

Search engine optimization

  • Spiders and robots
  • Indexing
  • Queries

Use SEO to grow your audience

  • Content is king
  • Linking is queen

Make sure your links make sense

  • Title tags
  • HTML meta tags

Make good headlines better

  1. Keywords, keywords, keywords
  2. Use conversational language
  3. Don’t be afraid to inject a little attitude

Target specific social media distribution channels

  • Blogs
  • Flickr, YouTube, etc.
  • Twitter, Facebook, MySpace, etc.
  • Digg, reddit, Fark, StumbleUpon, etc.



JournalismNext (10): Managing news as a conversation

8 03 2011

“The speed of communications is wonderful to behold. It is also true that speed can multiply the distribution of information that we know to be untrue.”

News is distributed, as Edward Murrow stated above, by conversation.

Here are some steps to achieve that:

  • Making conversation

News as a conversation has transformed journalism. Most significantly, it has transformed the way a journalist and their communities cover a beat. The more social a journalist is with people, the more sources a journalist can mine.

  • Conversing through comments

Most online news stories contain a comments link. They can be very helpful with hearing feedback from the readers. But sometimes, those comments can just be downright rude and ugly.

  • Conversing through social networking

Although the internet is still relatively new and social networking even newer, it is an obviously important tool to communicate on the internet today. Jobs for companies needing to manage its social networks are being created constantly. Conversing through social networks is of large importance in contacting people.

Why the news conversation is important

Readers always a want to help make a difference in the news i any way possible. I believe that’s why they post comments — to get a reply from other readers and maybe even from the author. Through conversing (especially within social networks) readers can give tips, links, posts, or additional information regarding a certain topic.

Build and manage a community online

  • Make news participatory
  • Journalists must get involved
  • Develop sources through social networks
  • Collaborate with your community

Keep conversations accurate and ethical

  • Set guidelines for participants
  • Monitor offensive postings
  • Know your legal responsibilities
  • Correct errors

For a final thought: Social networking is journalism!